I LIBRARY OF ■CONGRESS. ! 

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I UNITED STATES OP AMERICA. | 



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THE 



WATCHFUL SERVANT 



:7\ 0 



A 



DISCOURSE 



DELIVERED 



IN THE 



FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, 



IN THE 



rrv OF SCHENECTADY, 
January 5ih, 1817. 



BY HOOPER CUMMING, A. M. 



Published by requtsi. 



SCHENECTADT : 
PRINTED BY I. RIGGS. 



1817. 



THE 

WATCHFUL SERVANT 



A 

DISCOURSE 

DELIVERED 
IN THE 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, 

IN THE 

CITY OF SCHENECTADY, 
January 5tb, 1817. 

BY HOOPER GUMMING, A. M. 
Published by request. 

\\ — — — 

SCHENECTADY : 
PRINTED BY I. RIGGS. 



1817. 

r 



THE WATCHFUL SERVANT. 



Luke, xii. 35, 36, 37. 

Let your loins be girded about, and your lights burn-- 
ing ; And ye yourselves like unto men that waif for 
their Lord, when he wdl return from the wedding ; 
that, when he cometh and knocketh, they may open 
unto him immediately. Blessed are those servants, 
whom the Lord, when he cometh, shall find watch- 
ing : verily, I say unto you, that he shall gird him- 
self, and make them to sit down to meat, and will 
come forth and serve them. 

Sin stupifies the soul. From that fatal hour, when 
man became a rebel, he was cursed with iiidiiTerence 
respecting his eternal destiny. Rivetted in the affec- 
tions of his heart to terrestrial objects, and averse 
from the spiritual joys of the heavenly kingdom, he 
presses forward in the path of vanity, until, if God ar- 
rest him not, he strays to the verge of that giddy 
precipice, down which he sinks to hell. To warn 
him of his danger, before he reach that dread abyss, 
the gospel of the cross addresses him in language so 
alarming, so tender, so persuasive, that a man not 
bent on self-destruction, must listen and obey. 

It was one of the most frequent and delightful oc- 
cupations of the Son of God, to present powerful mo- 
tives for the purpose of awakening the attention, and 
saving from death eternal, the souls of men. Often, 



4 



by images the most familiar, by parables the most 
alluring, pressed upoa the conscience and the heart, 
by all the importunity of divine benevolence, the tears 
of compassion streaming from his eyes, did he entreat 
the straying flock of Israel, to turn from their follies 
and their sins, from their obduracy and unbelief, from 
their carelessness and sensuality. 

One of these instances we have before us. He had 
been teaching the multitude, that riches avail not to 
avert the stroke of death ; and then turnins: to his 
disciples, he bids them seek first the kingdom of God, 
intending however, at the same time, to instruct the 
rest of his auditors ; after which, he most persuasive- 
ly exhorts, Let your loins be girt, and your lamps 
burning, and yourselves like those who wait their 
Master's return from the wedding ; that, when he 
Cometh and knocketh, they may immediately let him 
in. Happy those servants, whom their Master, at his 
return, shall find watching ; verily, I say unto you, 
that he will gird himself, and having placed them at 
table, will attend and serve them."* 

The similitudes which abound in our Lord's dis- 
courses, are allusions to real life, and therefore more 
readily comprehended, and susceptible of a more im- 
mediate and powerful application. The inhabitants 
of Eastern countries wear long garments. When 
about engaging in any service, which requires the 
exertion of strength or agility, they must gird them 
close — a practice this, to which there are frequent 
references, both in the Old Testament and the New. 
For instance, The hand of the Lord was on Elijah, 
and he girded up his loins, and ran before Ahab, to 
the entrance of Jezreel."t — Then said he to Gehe- 

* Campbell's Translation. 1 1 Kings, xviii.46. 



5 



zi. gird up thy loins, and take my staff in thine hand, 
and go thy way."* — Thou therefore gird up thy 
loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that 1 com- 
mand thee ; Be not dismayed at their faces, lest I con- 
found thee before them."+ — " Gird up now thy loins 
like a man ; fori will demand of thee, and answer thou 
me." J — Which of you having a servant plowing, or 
feeding cattle, will say unto him, by and by, when he 
is come from the field, go and sit down to meat ? 
And will not rather say unto him, make ready where- 
with I may sup, and gird thyself, and serve me, till 
I have eaten and drunken ; and afterward thou shalt 
eat and drink ?"§ — And behold, the angel of the 
Lord came upon him, and a light shined in the pri- 
son ; and he smote Peter on the side, and raised him 
up, saying, Arise up quickly. And his chains fell off 
from his hands. And the angel said unto him, Gird 
thyself, and bind on thy sandals ; and so he did. 
And he saith unto him, Cast thy garment about thee, 
and follow me.' |) — Stand, therefore, having your 
loins girt about with truth, and having on the breast 
plate of righteousness, and your feet shod with the 
preparation of the gospel of peace. "f — Wherefore 
gird up the loins of your mind, be sober and hope to 
the end, for the grace that is to be brought unto you, 
at the revelation of Jesus Christ. "§§ 

Their loins must then be girded about. Religion 
is the business of a man's life — the work to which all 
other concerns must be subordinated. A few sie^hs 
and feeble efforts ; an occasional earnestness sus- 
pended often by the cares of the world ; a seriousness 
interrupted by the deceitfulness of riches ; a partial 

* 2 Kings, iv. 29. 1 Jer. i. IT. + Job, xxviii. S. } Luke xvii. 7, 8. 

II Acts, xii. 7, 8. — -IT Eph. vi. U.~ (4 1 Fcter, i. IS. 



6 

reforraation arrested in its course, by the allurements 
of the flesh ; a resolution shaken, and an onset foiled 
by the subtle, the watchful and the vigorous adver- 
sary, will prove utterly ineffectual. The pleasures of 
sin, the prospects most grateful to carnality, the in- 
terests and connexions which are opposed to the di- 
vine Hfe, must be renounced with promptitude. Pride 
must be abased, selfishness dethroned, darling lusts 
abandoned forever. The pilgrim must break loose 
from those who would detain him from his purpose, 
and force his way through such as block up the ave- 
nue. He must resist temptation, mortify the flesh, 
endure reproach, tread the fascinations of the world 
beneath his feet, and soaring in the affections of his 
heart to heavenly objects, must strain every nerve 
in combatting and overthrowing the enemies who op- 
pose his passage. 

But more than this. He must not only struggle. As 
a skilful combatant, he must watch perpetually. The 
Master is absent. He has gone to a marriage feast, 
which is usually prolonged to the latest hour. The 
servant is bidden to wait, havino: all thing-s in readi- 
ness for his Master's return. But if his lamp be ex- 
tinguished, 'tis an unanswerable demonstration of 
that servant's indolence. The direction implies, that 
we attend to nothing else, but our Master's service. 

That when he cometh and knocketh, they may 
open unto him immediately." To encourage him in 
this constant watchfulness and industry, he pronoun- 
ces that servant blessed, whom, when the Lord com- 
eth, he shall find thus engaged. How exalted the 
honor ! How condescending the Master ! Verily, I 
say unto you, that he shall gird himself, and make 



7 



them to sit down to meat, and will come forth and 
serve them." 

At the feast of the Saturnaha, Roman Masters did 
thus treat their slaves. Horace, particularly alludes 
to the custom in the seventh Satire of his second 
book.* It was perhaps originally introduced for pur- 
poses of diversion ; yet it did in fact exist. And how- 
ever difficult it may be to prove that our Saviour's 
auditors were acquainted with the circumstance, still, 
the words must have been perfectly intelligible, with- 
out resorting to the supposition of such a reference. 

Eighteen centuries have rolled away, since the Son 
of God thus admonished. His hearers have received 
their doom. But we yet live, to be instructed and 
persuaded. Entering as we do, upon the comforts 
and the trials, and the various vicissitudes of another 
year; oh let us listen to that voice which pleads with 
us on behalf of our dearest interests, and which, if 
disregarded, will soon be heard no more for ever. I 
congratulate you, that your eyes behold this day. I 
congratulate you, christians, that you are yet spared 
to be useful in the Church on earth. I congratulate 
you, unconverted sinners, while I adore my God for 
his forbearing patience, that you yet continue the 
monuments of his love, and that the offers of salva- 
tion are yet compassionately tendered. Beloved 
brethren, I trust that no one presents to you, the usual 
compliments of the season, with more sincerity and 
aflfection than your Pastor. To evince this, while he 
executes his commission, he tells you truths which 
though solemn, are intended to make you for ever 
cheerful, and which are dictated by a spirit of fidelity 
to God, and the warmest friendship for your souls. 

* *' Age, libertate Decembri, 
(Q,uando ita majores voluerunt,) utere." 



8 



In the course of the past year, multitudes have been 
cut down by death : And we are spared. Multitudes 
have, without a peradventure, been cut down in their 
sins, and are now lifting up their eyes in torment : 
And we yet live in a world of hope. Multitudes this 
moment are pining under sickness : And we are in 
health. Multitudes are deprived of the necessaries of 
life : And we are surrounded with the choicest com- 
forts. Multitudes, thousands, myriads, are perishing 
for lack of knowledge : And we enjoy the light of 
the glorious gospel." Oh, if our hearts are not 
melted by such goodness, we must lie under the curse 
of triple hardness. If it have no influence in making 
us faithful to Christ our Master, every possible excuse 
will be wrested from us, and in a future day, we 
shall stand, without one extenuating plea, before the 
bar of his righteousness. 

The loving kindness of the Lord, is one motive then, 
why we should obey the injunction of the text. But 
this is not the only reason. We should be urged by 
the value of our souls — by a regard to the interests of 
the Church — the solemnities of the last judgment, and 
the bliss of heaven. 

By the value of our souls. 'Tis this which distin- 
guishes us from the beasts that perish. However 
acute and powerful their instincts, they are utterly in- 
capable of knowing, of serving, or of enjoying God. 
Strangers to the practice of virtue, and the commis- 
sion of sin, they are destined to moral inaction and 
oblivion. But man is allied to angels, and assimilat- 
ed to the Eternal. Heaven-descended, his faculties 
are capable of endless progression. From the faint 
glimmerings of infantile reason, he passes on to that 
intellectual strength and grandeur, when he can take 



9 

the dimensions of the sun, trace the comet in its er- 
ratick course, analyze the works of God, and com- 
prehend the vast and complicated operations of the 
human mind. Delivered from the bondage of cor- 
ruption, he can rapidly approximate to more than an- 
gelic purity, or abandoned to the fatality of the curse, 
all the ties of moral obligation sundered, he can tread 
with accelerated footstep the downward path of 
aj.ostate spirits, until no shade of difference exist be- 
tween his malignity and theirs. Thus his faculties 
expand, and his affections meanwhile assume a holy, 
or a hellish type for ever. For ever, oh 'tis that con- 
sideration which renders the value of his soul un- 
speakable. Man is destined to immortality. Through 
fields of light, or through floods of fire, he shall make 
his way, leaving behind the former dimensions of 
seraphim and cherubim, and still stretching toward 
God, or, sinking forever in the bottomless abyss, 
catching the notes of angels who precede him in his 
career of rapture, or, responding the groans of devils 
who experience the same damnation. And when he 
shall have lived as many myriads of ages, as there 
are stars in heaven, added to all the sands upon the 
sea-shore, and all the spires upon the mountain-top, 
still, his progression will have but just commenced. 
So long as Ood lives, we shall not cease to be. Can 
another consideration be adduced, to stamp value on 
the soul ? Oh yes, it is the death of Jehovah Jesus ! 
This exhibits to the astonished view of angels, the 
light in which the Eternal God regards his immortal 
creature, man. Jesus Christ, the Creator of the 
world, a pauper in that very world, not having where 
to lay his head, calumniated, scourged, arraigned, 
condemned, crucified — for what ? To deliver the soul 

2 I. 



10 

of man from the wrath of God. This greatest, only 
treasure in the universe, expended on such an object! 
Say, is not the value of the soul, immense, inccilcula- 
ble? 

" Mortal be wise, nor make 

Heaven's highest blessing vengeance I Oh beware, 

Nor make a curse of immortality. 

Say, knowest thou what it is, or, what thou art? 

ICnowest thou the importance of a soul immortal ?, 

Behold yon midnight glory, worlds on worlds 

Amazing pomp ! redouble that amaze, 

Ten thousand add — add twice ten thousand more. 

Then weigh the whole — one soul outweighs them all. 

For this believe not me ; no man believe ; 

Trust not in words, but deeds, and deeds no lesf 

Than those of the Supreme, nor his a few. 

Consult them all — consulted all proclaim 

Thy souPs importance. Tremble at thyself 

For whom omnipotence has waked so long, 

Has waked and worked for ages — from the birth 

Of nature to this unbelieving hour. 

In this small province of his wide domain, 

(All nature bows while I rehearse his name,) 

"What has God done ? And not for this sole end, 

To rescue souls from death? The soul's high price 

Is writ in ail the conduct of the skies.'* 

For this 

" Laws from above were published, were repealed, 
On earth kings, kingdoms rose ; kings, kingdoms fell, 
Prophets from Zion darted a keen glance 
Through distant age — Saints travelled, martyrs bled. 
The living were translated, dead were raised, 
Angels and more than angels came from heaven, 
And oh for this descended lower still." 

A regard to the interests of the Church on earth, 
should induce us to be ever v^^atchful, circumspect, 
and zealous. The influence of a holy example is im- 



11 



mense. A Christian adorning: the doctrine of God 
his Saviour, however circimiscribed his talents, how* 
ever uninformed his intellect, may do more in ad-.- 
vancing the kingdom of his Lord, and promoting the 
salvation of his fellow- men, than the learning and 
the eloquence of a thousand preachers. That is a 
living epistle known and read of all who witness his 
godly conversation. There is a reality, a dignity, an 
unction in such a pattern, which cannot fail to inspire 
reverence, and stimulate an effort at conformity. 
" Ye are the salt of the earth" said the Saviour to his 
disciples, Ye are the light of the world. A city 
that is set on a hill, cannot be hid. Let your light 
so shine, that others seeing your good works, m ay- 
glorify your Father in heaven." Behold a church 
living in harmony, actuated by one spirit, praying 
and striving to further the purposes of divine love. 
How beauteous the spectacle ! Sinners discover, that 
religion is of the heart. God pours down his bless- 
ing. The unregenerate ask with deep solicitude what 
they shall do to be saved. The temple gates of Zion 
are crowded. Her solemn feasts are thronged with 
rejoicing guests. Multitudes are added to the fam- 
ily of the faithful. 

My brethren, you are furnished by the brightness 
of our prospects as a Religious Society, with a stim- 
ulus to exertion. During the last eleven months, 
sixty-five have been added to the Com munion of this 
Church ; the number of stated worshippers has nearly 
doubled, and instead of the disunion and contention 
in which I found you on my first acquaintance, your 
harmony and peace hstv^e become proverbial. The 
youth of the large and growing Bible Class, and the 
children who receive instruction in the elementary 



12 



principles of the Christian faith, are signalized for 
their respectful, studious and devout attention. Be- 
liever, persevere in your fidelity. Maintain a close 
and humble walk with God ; cease not to present the 
importunity of prayer ; and your heart will doubtless 
be refreshed by still more glorious displays of divine 
power and compassion. 

The solemnities of the last judgment should urge 
every individual in this audience to be in a state of 
constant readiness for the second advent of the Lord. 
At that august, tremendous period, when the once 
despised Nazarene, now arrayed in his Father's glo- 
ry, and attended by the host of heaven, shall fix that 
throne, the effulgence of which a seraph's eloquence 
never can describe, the slothful professor, the proud 
Pharisee, the licentious Herodian, the corrupter of 
the truth of God, together with the whole multitude 
of ancient and of modern gainsayers, down to the last 
impenitent reprobate that has disgraced his species 
and cursed the earth, shall wail and gnash their teeth 
in diabolical agony and madness. Presumptuous 
confidence will then have fled. Self-riohteousness 
will vanish like the vapour of the morning. The 
sinner may cry, Lord, Lord" — may plead the ex- 
tent and value of his privileges — but they have been 
abused ; the correctness of his knowledge — but it 
has been perverted to the ruin of his soul ; the re- 
spect in which he held the institutions of the gospel 
— but he has made no real sacrifice ; he has not 
denied himself for the Master's sake — his heart 
has still remained unregenerate, his life unsuita- 
ble to his fair professions whatever may have been 
their nature ; and therefore Chri^^t will refuse to re- 
cognize him as his own, and persist notwithstanding 



13 



the utmost importunity in rejecting such from the 
joys of his salvation. The die is cast. The sinner's 
fate is sealed. Ah, the disappointment, the anguish 
and the horror which pervade his bosom. The 
day for which all other days were made" has 
dawned. The undivided attention and the strongest 
sensibilities of the universe are awakened. The 
sepulchres of a thousand generations yield up their 
prey. Rising, they fill the air, some with shrieks, 
and some with hosannahs. Earth, and her sister 
planets are on fire. Seraphic spirits, as they descend 
to the place of judgment, singing Halleluiah ; the 
affrighted ghosts of hell, in all the haggardness of 
deformity, cursing the moment which gave them 
birth ; the redeemed from every nation, shouting, 
i( Worthy is the Lamb who washed us from our sins" 
— the tribes of the ungodly, while their hearts are 
wrung with anguish, deploring, that they stupidly 
listened to the syren song of a bewitching world, the 
allurements of the flesh, and the frauds of Satan. 
Ah, ahj this will be a solemn and an awful day. If 
you are destined to the doom that awaits the wicked 
then, and did 30U know it now, tears would be your 
food, you would never breathe but in a sigh, nor 
speak but in a groan. 

But meriting, as you do, the horrid anticipation, 
God warns, that the misery may be shunned. !Now, 
you have the most favourable opportunities to secure 
a joyful meeting with your Judge. He is urging you 
to awaken from your lethargic slumbers, to gird your 
loins, and be in a state of constant preparation. But 
this golden season will soon pass away. The sum- 
mer of life will be succeeded by the chilling blasts of 
winter. The shades of nio ht will g-ather thick around 



14 



lis ; and death prove our vision of worldly hopes to 
have been a dream. The joys which now dilate our 
bosom, will in quick succession soon forsake us — or, 
having outlived our comforts, and a few days longer 
watered the vale with our tears, yet, our pilgrimage 
must close, and we be gathered to our fathers — an 
event, big with consequences the most transporting 
or the most distressing. The youth, whose cheeks 
are now mantled with smiles, and whose eye sparkles 
in all the brilliancy of health, must soon become an 
inanimate lump of clay. Those lips which now echo 
the sentiments of inexperience, will be silent ; and 
that heart which now palpitates at the sound of pleas- 
ure, stilled in the cold, cheerless mansions of the dead. 
A new generation will arise to occupy our seats in the 
sanctuary. Our convenient habitations must be ex- 
chanD:ed for the dark and narrow house — our dearest 
friends for the company of worms, and our downy 
pillows for the clods of the valley. Strangers will 
tread upon our sepulchres, without knowing that we 
existed. A few surviving relatives may remember us 
and mourn ; but these few will soon follow to the 
land of silence. The sun will rise and set, the earth 
revolve, no one here concern himself with our joys or 
sorrows — while we shall be conversant with the a- 
mazing realities of the eternal world ; either spread- 
ing our pinions in the air of Paradise — or, or, how I 
shall express it, or, be tossing on the fiery billows of 
the wrath of God. 

But we turn from the affecting scene, and pre- 
sent a motive the most alluring. The joys of heaven 
surpass the description of an angel's tongue. The 
perfection of holiness, the utter removal of every spe- 
cies of misery, the enlargement of the intellectual 



15 



powers, the uninterrupted enjoyment and service of 
God, the adoration and love of Jesus Christ, the com- 
munion of saints and angels, and all this throughout 
eternity — other and subhmer language than that of 
mortals is required adequately to describe the bliss 
and the honours of the celestial Paradise. Paul de- 
clares that what he saw in heaven was unspeakable, 
and which it is not possible for a man to utter. Pe- 
ter affirms that Christians anticipating the glory that 
is after to be revealed, rejoiced with joy unspeakable. 
Our present liodies having been consigned to the 
sepulchre, and re-formed after the glorious bofly of 
Jesus Christ, will be for ever delivered from .iisease 
and pain, from decay and death — fit organs for those 
spirits, which are destined to bask in the sunshine of 
God's presence — susceptible of happiness beyond the 
imaginations of this infant world. The bliss of heav- 
en is ineffable. In the upper Zionjove immacul ate, 
joy uninterrupted, rapture inconceivable reign for ever. 
The Christian, delivered from the toils, the sins, the 
perplexities, the sorrows of this tearful vale, shall 
with the redeemed of former ages, for ever adore the 
riches and the mysteries of grace — with them, for ever 
increase in the knowledge of God, perpetually dis- 
covering new beauties, new glories in his character. 
With them, he will walk the golden streets, with 
them ascend the hill of Zion, and from its lofty sum- 
mit, extend his eyes far through creation, and praise, 
and wonder, and adore. Sin shall no more disturb 
his peace : Sorrow shall no more raffle his brow : 
Temptations shall no more vex his soul. He will be 
perfect as the angels. Like them, he shall never be 
wearied in worshipping and serving God. As the 
ages of eternity revolve, be will be rapidly advancing 



16 



in holiness and happiness. He shall see God face to 
face, and know even as he is known. And there 
shall be no night there ; for the city where they dwell 
will not need the sun nor the moon to shine in it ; for 
the glory of God doth lighten it, and the Lamb is the 
light thereof" Oh ! blessedness beyond conception, 
why art thou pursued so seldom, so languidly ? Why, 
why art thou attained by so few 1 Collect all the rap- 
tures which ever have been experienced on earth — 
the pleasures of anticipation and possession — the joys 
which expand the parent's bosom, when his child ful- 
fils his wishes, and rises to usefulness and honor — 
the extacy of the patriot, when the threatened liber- 
ties of his country are restored, and its laurels rest 
upon his brow — of the warrior, when the battle 
o'er, the enemy captive, every tongue is anxious to 
proclaim his praise — of the minister of Jesus, whose 
heart overflows with gratitude, while God crowns his 
labours with success, sinners inquiring with deep so- 
licitude how they shall escape from the fires of the 
curse, new-born souls singing Hosannahs to the Son 
of David, the people of his charge pressing into the 
kingdom of grace ; add all that history records, all 
that the imagination can portray, all that eternity 
will disclose,^ — the bliss of heaven is exhaustless, in- 
conceivable. Eternal deliverance from sin and sor- 
row — eternal expansion of the faculties, and eternal 
sources of mental gratification — eternal converse with 
Gabriel and all other holy beings — eternal vision and 
fruition of God and of his Christ I Oh brethren, the 
subject transcends the utmost reach of thought! 

Would you make this blessedness your own ? Then 
listen to the Saviour's voice, which urges a state of 
constant preparation. " Let your loins be girded 



17 



about, and your lights burning, and ye yourselves 
like unto men that wait for their Lord." Begin this 
year with new purposes and motives. Christians, 
tread the path of duty with increasing zeal and vig- 
our. Sinners, diligently improve the means of ob- 
taining present peace, and ensuring final salvation, 
while ye have opportunity. Before the season of ac- 
ceptance expire, flee to that Lord Jesus, who is ^'the 
hiding place from the storm, and the covert from the 
tempest." Beloved brethren, what is there in the 
world, which should induce you to run the dreadful 
hazard of losing your precious souls. The world, 
believe it, the world has nothing solid, nothing dura- 
ble. Honours are specious titles which time effaces. 
Pleasures are momentary, evanescent. Riches are 
unstable. Grandeurs moulder. Glory and renown 
are soon lost in the mazes of oblivion. Thus rolls the 
torrent of this world. The passing moments bear all 
before them ; and by continual revolutions, we arrive 
frequently without reflection, at that point where time 
ends, and eternity begins. 

Happy then the Christian soul, who, obeying the 
precept of Jesus Christ, loves not the world, nor any 
thing that the world contains. Reserved from him 
on hio^h, are durable riches and never-fadin© honours. 
A convoy of angels surround his disenthralled spirit, 
and as he passes the crystal gate, he hears thousands 
of thousands, and ten times thousands, chanting in 
accents melodious as the winds of Heaven, Holy, 
Holy, Holy'' — while, above he listens to another choir 
who exclaim, Holy, Holy, Holy," — and as he 
mounts, the notes of myriads at a distance die upon 
his ravished ear, shouting without weariness, ''Holy, 

3 



18 



Holy, Holy," Glory, and honour, and thanksgiving, 
and power be unto him that loved us, and washed us 
in his blood" — ^he seizes a harp, and adds fresh notes 
to the harmony of the redeemed. 



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